Tetris is a tile-matching game where differet shapes made up of 4 blocks fall down continuously. You lose if the blocks stack up to the top, and the way to stop that is by erasing the bottom rows by completely filling them.

Snake is less of a specific game, and more of a genre. Many games have used the same base: a line that eats an object and grows longer needing to avoid colliding with itself or the borders to keep going. This game has had hundreds of versions because of its simplicity and most notably, it came preloaded on Nokia mobile phones in 1988.

Minesweeper is a game where you need to uncover a grid of tiles without touching any of the mines it hides. Each tile not containing a mine displays a number when opened. This number represents the number of mines touching the tile. Once you uncover all the tiles, you win!

Asteroids is a "multidirectional shooter" where you play a small spaceship and destroy asteroids and flying saucers while avoiding to get hit by these objects. It was very popular in arcades and very often imitated.

Pong is an extremely simple game, where two paddles need to bounce a "ball" back and forth, trying to shoot it past the other paddle to score a point. This game was developed by Atari for arcades and was later ported to its consoles. It has had many itterations since.